SELECT 
  product_id, 
  group_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products 
WHERE 
  group_id IN (494, 300, 520, 652, 523, 316, 731)

Query time 0.00074

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "9.86"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_variation_group_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "idx_group_id"
      ],
      "key": "idx_group_id",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "group_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 18,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 18,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_product_variation_group_products`.`group_id` in (494,300,520,652,523,316,731))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "8.06",
        "eval_cost": "1.80",
        "prefix_cost": "9.86",
        "data_read_per_join": "288"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "group_id"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id group_id
2880 300
2881 300
3014 316
3015 316
4251 494
4196 494
4454 520
4456 520
4457 520
4458 520
4476 523
4475 523
5778 652
5976 652
6618 731
6617 731
6616 731
4794 731