SELECT 
  product_id, 
  group_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products 
WHERE 
  group_id IN (
    318, 470, 212, 664, 266, 408, 639, 383
  )

Query time 0.00042

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "11.46"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_variation_group_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "idx_group_id"
      ],
      "key": "idx_group_id",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "group_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 21,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 21,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_product_variation_group_products`.`group_id` in (318,470,212,664,266,408,639,383))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "9.36",
        "eval_cost": "2.10",
        "prefix_cost": "11.46",
        "data_read_per_join": "336"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "group_id"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id group_id
2522 212
2719 266
2728 266
3021 318
3022 318
3385 383
3386 383
3593 408
3594 408
3373 470
4124 470
4125 470
5861 639
5860 639
6041 664
6042 664
6043 664
6044 664
6045 664
6046 664
6047 664