SELECT 
  product_id, 
  group_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products 
WHERE 
  group_id IN (744, 765, 770, 250, 533, 285, 768)

Query time 0.00060

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "10.76"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_variation_group_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "idx_group_id"
      ],
      "key": "idx_group_id",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "group_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 20,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 20,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_product_variation_group_products`.`group_id` in (744,765,770,250,533,285,768))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "8.76",
        "eval_cost": "2.00",
        "prefix_cost": "10.76",
        "data_read_per_join": "320"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "group_id"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id group_id
2649 250
2650 250
2828 285
2830 285
2831 285
4654 533
4653 533
4652 533
4651 533
6780 744
6944 744
7608 765
7279 765
7615 768
7281 768
7285 770
7620 770
7619 770
7618 770
7617 770