SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    11137, 11136, 11236, 11237, 11352, 11355, 
    11362, 11363, 11390, 11391, 11399, 
    11400, 11416, 11415, 11414, 11417, 
    11430, 11431, 11458, 11460, 11462, 
    11463, 11479, 11481, 11520, 11521, 
    11530, 11532, 11535, 11536, 11598, 
    11599, 11600, 11633, 11634, 11635, 
    11636
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00140

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "259.66"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 313,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 313,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "index_condition": "(`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (11137,11136,11236,11237,11352,11355,11362,11363,11390,11391,11399,11400,11416,11415,11414,11417,11430,11431,11458,11460,11462,11463,11479,11481,11520,11521,11530,11532,11535,11536,11598,11599,11600,11633,11634,11635,11636))",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "118.81",
              "eval_cost": "31.30",
              "prefix_cost": "150.11",
              "data_read_per_join": "4K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 15,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "78.25",
              "eval_cost": "1.57",
              "prefix_cost": "259.66",
              "data_read_per_join": "49K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "storefront_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids
11136 664M
11137 664M
11236 664M
11237 664M
11352 664M
11355 664M
11362 664M
11363 664M
11390 664M
11391 664M
11399 664M
11400 664M
11414 664M
11415 664M
11416 664M
11417 664M
11430 664M
11431 664M
11458 664M
11460 664M
11462 664M
11463 664M
11479 664M
11481 664M
11520 664M
11521 664M
11530 664M
11532 664M
11535 664M
11536 664M
11598 664M
11599 664M
11600 664M
11633 664M
11634 664M
11635 664M
11636 664M