SELECT 
  product_id, 
  group_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products 
WHERE 
  group_id IN (
    453, 466, 455, 464, 454, 465, 461, 463, 
    462
  )

Query time 0.00049

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "12.16"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_variation_group_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "idx_group_id"
      ],
      "key": "idx_group_id",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "group_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 22,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 22,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_product_variation_group_products`.`group_id` in (453,466,455,464,454,465,461,463,462))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "9.96",
        "eval_cost": "2.20",
        "prefix_cost": "12.16",
        "data_read_per_join": "352"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "group_id"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id group_id
4024 453
3649 453
4026 453
4025 453
4027 454
3952 454
3946 455
4028 455
3668 461
4102 461
4103 462
3682 462
4106 463
3684 463
4108 464
4107 464
3734 464
4109 465
3798 465
4110 466
4111 466
3811 466