SELECT 
  product_id, 
  group_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products 
WHERE 
  group_id IN (532, 522, 489, 490, 510, 530)

Query time 0.00040

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "8.26"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_variation_group_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "idx_group_id"
      ],
      "key": "idx_group_id",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "group_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 15,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 15,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_product_variation_group_products`.`group_id` in (532,522,489,490,510,530))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "6.76",
        "eval_cost": "1.50",
        "prefix_cost": "8.26",
        "data_read_per_join": "240"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "group_id"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id group_id
4234 489
4160 489
4235 490
4164 490
4335 510
4336 510
4337 510
4466 522
4467 522
4468 522
4600 530
4601 530
4637 532
4636 532
4635 532