SELECT 
  product_id, 
  group_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products 
WHERE 
  group_id IN (555, 598, 291, 337, 508, 510, 581)

Query time 0.00071

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "11.21"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_variation_group_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "idx_group_id"
      ],
      "key": "idx_group_id",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "group_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 21,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 21,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_product_variation_group_products`.`group_id` in (555,598,291,337,508,510,581))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "9.11",
        "eval_cost": "2.10",
        "prefix_cost": "11.21",
        "data_read_per_join": "336"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "group_id"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id group_id
2841 291
2849 291
2850 291
3081 337
3082 337
3083 337
4312 508
4313 508
4314 508
4335 510
4336 510
4337 510
4941 555
4940 555
4939 555
4935 555
5155 581
5156 581
5461 598
5462 598
5463 598