SELECT 
  product_id, 
  group_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products 
WHERE 
  group_id IN (656, 658, 657, 660, 659, 653, 654)

Query time 0.00049

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "14.81"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_variation_group_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "idx_group_id"
      ],
      "key": "idx_group_id",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "group_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 29,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 29,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_product_variation_group_products`.`group_id` in (656,658,657,660,659,653,654))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "11.91",
        "eval_cost": "2.90",
        "prefix_cost": "14.81",
        "data_read_per_join": "464"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "group_id"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id group_id
5979 653
5980 653
5981 654
5982 654
5984 654
6221 654
5999 656
5997 656
5998 656
6000 656
6001 656
6002 656
6003 657
6004 657
6005 657
6007 658
6008 658
6009 658
6010 658
6011 658
6012 658
6013 659
6014 659
6015 659
6019 660
6020 660
6021 660
6022 660
6023 660