SELECT 
  product_id, 
  group_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products 
WHERE 
  group_id IN (
    563, 643, 646, 481, 567, 182, 396, 460
  )

Query time 0.00064

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "8.76"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_variation_group_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "idx_group_id"
      ],
      "key": "idx_group_id",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "group_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 15,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 15,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_product_variation_group_products`.`group_id` in (563,643,646,481,567,182,396,460))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "7.26",
        "eval_cost": "1.50",
        "prefix_cost": "8.76",
        "data_read_per_join": "240"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "group_id"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id group_id
2393 182
2394 182
3464 396
3467 396
3826 460
4101 460
4192 481
4193 481
4975 563
4974 563
4998 567
4995 567
5900 643
5899 643
5934 646
5935 646