SELECT 
  product_id, 
  group_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products 
WHERE 
  group_id IN (446, 683, 374, 411, 304, 407)

Query time 0.00045

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "9.16"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_variation_group_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "idx_group_id"
      ],
      "key": "idx_group_id",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "group_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 17,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 17,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`softwarepirmam_hewadelivard_cscart_4`.`cscart_product_variation_group_products`.`group_id` in (446,683,374,411,304,407))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "7.46",
        "eval_cost": "1.70",
        "prefix_cost": "9.16",
        "data_read_per_join": "272"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "group_id"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id group_id
2918 304
2919 304
3310 374
3309 374
3591 407
3590 407
3607 411
3608 411
3923 446
3922 446
6164 683
6165 683
6166 683
6167 683
6168 683
6169 683
6170 683